Two marks from a saw run along the curved top edge of the 4-by-6 inch fragment, which appears to be from bone at the back and 경주출장마사지 - https://www.anmastar.com/%ea%b2%bd%ec%a3%bc%ec%b6%9c%ec%9e%a5%ec%83%b5%c... base of the skull. Three small circular markings also seem to suggest attempts were made to drill through the bone.

"It's definitely been sawn and three times someone tried to drill a hole, perhaps in an attempt to treat an injury by relieving the pressure," Bill Kelso, head of the Jamestown Rediscovery archaeological project, told the Daily Press of Newport News.

"But right now it's all preliminary speculation."

The fragment was found during the excavation of a moat outside the west wall of the fort in an artifact-rich area that dates to the first years of the settlement in 1607.

The skull appears to be that of an adult male, but will undergo study by forensic anthropologists with the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History to see if there is evidence of trauma, age and ethnicity as well as sex, Kelso said.

The three circular plug marks are typical of those made during an age-old surgical procedure known as trepanation, Jamestown Rediscovery curator Bly Straube said.

Dating back as many as 10,000 years, the practice involved physicians trying to treat head injuries and other diseases by drilling holes in the skull, allowing medicine to be applied, bone pieces to be removed and pain and pressure to be relieved.

"It only took about 30 minutes, but apparently it required some skill," Straube said.

Records from the early years of the settlement show that at least four surgeons practiced at disease-plagued Jamestown between 1607 and 1610. Evidence also shows that London physician - http://blogs.realtown.com/search/?q=London%20physician John Woodall sent a fully equipped surgeon's chest to the settlement in 1608. The excavations have unearthed two of the instruments from the kit.

The finds, along with the markings on the skull fragment, suggest that colonists fought back against diseases and other fatalities that almost doomed the settlement.

"So many times you hear that the colonists just sat around and did nothing," Kelso said. "But this shows that many of the people who were sent here did what they were sent here to do. In this case we have a surgeon who may have tried to save someone's life — or tried to learn what might have killed them after they died."

A new study adds to a growing body of evidence linking the use of electronic cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco products to future use of conventional cigarettes in teens.

Adolescents who use these products, such as e-cigarettes, hookahs, non-cigarette combustible tobacco or smokeless tobacco, are more likely to start smoking cigarettes within a year, according to the new research.

"We've seen the prevalence of youth cigarette smoking decrease over the past 20 years, but the rising popularity of these non-cigarette products is a fairly recent development that poses new questions for tobacco control and youth smoking prevention," lead study author Benjamin Chaffee, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco, told CBS News.

The study, published - http://www.healthynewage.com/?s=published in JAMA Pediatrics, surveyed more than 10,000 adolescents aged 12 to 17 from across the United States who said they had never smoked cigarettes. Participants were also asked if they had ever used non-cigarette tobacco products.

A year later, 카지노사이트 - https://luxhousevn.com/ the teens were asked once again about their tobacco use. The results showed that teens who used e-cigarettes, hookahs, or non-cigarette tobacco were twice as likely to have smoked cigarettes within the past 30 days at the one-year follow up.

Chaffee said one finding that was particularly striking was that all the different types of non-cigarette tobacco studied were associated with approximately the same increase in risk of future cigarette smoking.

"These products are different in terms of how they are used and marketed, but as risk factors for youth smoking, they appear to be nearly the same," he said.

Teens who used more than one tobacco product were even more likely to start smoking conventional cigarettes.

Previous studies have also found evidence that e-cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco products are a gateway to conventional cigarette smoking in teens.

In 2016, the FDA banned - http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/FDA%20banned?s=ts the sale of e-cigarettes and other such products to anyone younger than 18.

However, Chaffee believes more can be done. "Regulation of these non-cigarette products should reflect the fact that all of them are associated with greater risk of youth smoking," he said. "Measures that reduce the appeal of these products to adolescents, like banning flavors, increasing the minimum purchase age to 21, and taxation, would help keep youth from starting to use tobacco in any form."

For parents, schools, and health care providers, Chaffee said the message to convey to teens is that there is no safe form of the habit. "The healthiest alternative is always to be tobacco free," he said.

The study involved 149,524 white postmenopausal women, age 65 on average, who had bone density scans. Of the 2,259 who broke bones during the following year, 82 percent had initial bone-density scores indicating thinning bones but not osteoporosis.

Only 18 percent of women with fractures had scores at or above the threshold many The study was led by Dr. Ethel Siris at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center and included researchers from Merck & Co., which makes the osteoporosis drug Fosamax and funded the study. A Merck doctor participated in a committee that oversaw the study design and analysis, Siris said.

Experts not involved - http://de.bab.la/woerterbuch/englisch-deutsch/involved in the study said the data appear sound.

The researchers suggested doctors consider lowering the threshold for prescribing osteoporosis drugs, especially for women who have certain risk factors that increase their chances of breaking a bone.

"My goal is not to sell medicine; my goal is to inform the debate," Siris said.

The research appears in Monday's Archives of Internal Medicine.

Dr. Leonard Serebro of Ochsner Clinic Foundation cautioned that while drug treatment can help prevent fractures in women with full-blown disease, more evidence is needed to show the same benefit in women with milder bone loss.

An estimated 10 million Americans, mostly women, have osteoporosis, and some 34 million have low bone density and are at risk of developing the disease, too. Women's risk of developing osteoporosis increases as they enter menopause and lose the bone-protecting effects of estrogen.

The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends bone density screening for all women 65 and older and for younger postmenopausal women with at least one other osteoporosis risk factor, 카지노사이트 - https://wordpress.asap.cloud/ including smoking, low weight and family history of hip fracture.

Many doctors fail to screen women. And when doctors do the tests, they often do not prescribe medicine unless the results indicate full-blown osteoporosis - a bone-density score of minus 2.5 or less, the researchers said.

They said a more reasonable approach would be using National Osteoporosis Foundation guidelines recommending that medication be considered for women with scores of minus 2 or less; or minus 1.5 or less for those with at least one risk factor.

However, bone-building medication costs around $70 monthly and some insurers will not cover it if women do not have full-blown osteoporosis, Serebro said.

By Lindsey Tanner

A new study adds to a growing body of evidence linking the use of electronic cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco products to future use of conventional cigarettes in teens.

Adolescents who use these products, such as e-cigarettes, hookahs, non-cigarette combustible tobacco or smokeless tobacco, 카지노사이트 - https://redpronto.com/ are more likely to start smoking cigarettes within a year, according to the new research.

"We've seen the prevalence of youth cigarette smoking decrease over the past 20 years, but the rising popularity of these non-cigarette products is a fairly recent development that poses new questions for tobacco control and youth smoking prevention," lead study author Benjamin Chaffee, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco, told CBS News.

The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, surveyed more than 10,000 adolescents aged 12 to 17 from across the United States who said they had never smoked cigarettes. Participants were also asked if they had ever used non-cigarette tobacco products.

A year later, the teens were asked once again about their tobacco - https://knoji.com/search/?query=tobacco use. The results showed that teens who used e-cigarettes, hookahs, or non-cigarette tobacco were twice as likely to have smoked cigarettes within the past 30 days at the one-year follow up.

Chaffee said one finding that was particularly striking was that all the different types of non-cigarette tobacco studied were associated with approximately the same increase in risk of future cigarette smoking.

"These products are different in terms of how they are used and marketed, but as risk factors for youth smoking, they appear to be nearly the same," he said.

Teens who used more than one tobacco product were even more likely to start smoking conventional cigarettes.

Previous studies have also found evidence that e-cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco - http://search.usa.gov/search?affiliate=usagov&query=non-cigarette%20tobacco products are a gateway to conventional cigarette smoking in teens.

In 2016, the FDA banned the sale of e-cigarettes and other such products to anyone younger than 18.

However, Chaffee believes more can be done. "Regulation of these non-cigarette products should reflect the fact that all of them are associated with greater risk of youth smoking," he said. "Measures that reduce the appeal of these products to adolescents, like banning flavors, increasing the minimum purchase age to 21, and taxation, would help keep youth from starting to use tobacco in any form."

For parents, schools, and health care providers, Chaffee said the message to convey to teens is that there is no safe form of the habit. "The healthiest alternative is always to be tobacco free," he said.

Mourners are set to gather for the funeral of former Kris Kross rapper Chris Kelly in Atlanta.

Kelly's funeral will be held Thursday afternoon at Jackson Memorial Baptist Church. The 34-year-old wasfound dead May 1 of a suspected drug overdose.

Kriss Kross was introduced to the music world in 1992 by music producer-rapper Jermaine Dupri after he discovered the pair at a mall in southwest Atlanta - http://www.usatoday.com/search/southwest%20Atlanta/ . Kelly, who was known as "Mac Daddy," performed alongside Chris Smith, 대전출장마사지 - https://www.opanma.com/11-daejeon who was known as "Daddy Mac."

Dupri was among those in the music industry paying tribute to Kelly after hearing the news last week. In an online post, he wrote, "To the world Chris was MacDaddy but to me, he was a son I never had. As much as you may think I taught him, he taught me. God has blessed me to be in the presence of so many naturally talented people, and Chris was one...When I think about it, I spent more time with Chris and Chris than damn near anybody in my whole life."

The members of Kris Kross wore their clothes backward as a gimmick, but they won over fans with their raps.

The group's first, and by far most successful song, was the 1992 hit "Jump," which became a No. 1 smash in the United States and globally.

10 (45452758/097461" style="max-width:410px;float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;">"Cancer is a moving target, and the oncologist - http://www.covnews.com/archives/search/?searchthis=oncologist has to know which bullet to put in his gun," said Dr. Jonathan Uhr of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas.

Extra copies of the gene HER-2 occur in 20 percent to 25 percent of breast cancer cases. In these cases the cancer tends to resist chemotherapy and radiation, but the drug Herceptin, which blocks the gene, can help patients.

The primary tumor in breast cancer patients is tested for the HER-2 gene over-activity and those with negative tests don't get Herceptin.

In some cases, however, cancer cells circulating in the blood can develop this gene overactivity as the disease progresses, according to the study by a research team Uhr led.

The study, 김포출장마사지 - https://www.anmapop.com/%ea%b9%80%ed%8f%ac%ec%b6%9c%ec%9e%a5%ec%83%b5%cf... published Monday in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, found HER-2 overactivity in nine of 24 patients whose primary cancer initially tested negative for the gene.

While the study is small and further research is needed, the findings call into question the assumption that test results on the primary tumor should be used to make treatment decisions at a later date, the researchers say.

"Cancer cells are genetically unstable - http://search.about.com/?q=genetically%20unstable and they do change," Uhr, a professor of microbiology and internal medicine, said in a telephone interview.

"Of course this is against current dogma. I'm sure there will be some reluctance in accepting this until more work is done, and more work should be done," he added.

Dr. Joseph Geradts of the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, N.Y., said the finding "adds to the evidence that what the oncologist treats is different from what the surgeon cuts out."

The dogma has been that what is in the primary tumor is the same as what is in the cancer that spreads to other areas, Geradts said, but the new study indicates that may not be the case.

Dr. Stephen B. Edge, medical director of the breast center at Roswell Park, called the study "a small step ... but intriguing."

Angela H. Brodie, a professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, said that while the paper is preliminary, "what is interesting is they're showing that patients can actually get (gene) amplification as the tumor progresses. It would serve as a marker for further treatment, different treatment."

Uhr's team developed a sensitive blood test for overactivity of the HER-2 gene, allowing for tests of the circulating cancer cells. Even when the primary cancer is negative for HER-2 activity, some cancer cells may have the extra gene. Over time those could become dominant in the blood as chemotherapy and radiation destroy other cancer cells.

Of the nine patients in Uhr's study who showed HER-2 activity in circulating cells, one had complete remission and two had partial remission when treated with Herceptin and chemotherapy.

For the blood test to be considered worthwhile, researchers said, they also must show that therapy with Herceptin alone or with chemotherapy can cause remissions in a significant number of patients.

The research was funded by the Nasher Cancer Research Program, the Cancer Immunobiology Center and the Komen Breast Cancer Center.

By Randolph E. Schmid

A new study adds to a growing body of evidence linking the use of electronic cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco products to future use of conventional cigarettes in teens.

Adolescents who use these products, such as e-cigarettes, hookahs, non-cigarette combustible tobacco or smokeless tobacco, are more likely to start smoking cigarettes within a year, according to the new research.

"We've seen the prevalence of youth cigarette smoking decrease over the past 20 years, but the rising popularity of these non-cigarette products is a fairly recent development that poses new questions for tobacco control and youth smoking prevention," lead study author Benjamin Chaffee, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco, told CBS News.

The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, surveyed more than 10,000 adolescents aged 12 to 17 from across the United States who said they had never smoked cigarettes - http://www.internetbillboards.net/?s=smoked%20cigarettes . Participants were also asked if they had ever used non-cigarette tobacco products.

A year later, the teens were asked once again about their tobacco use. The results showed that teens who used e-cigarettes, hookahs, or non-cigarette tobacco were twice as likely to have smoked cigarettes within the past 30 days at the one-year follow up.

Chaffee said one finding that was particularly striking was that all the different types of non-cigarette tobacco studied were associated with approximately the same increase in risk of future cigarette smoking.

"These products are different in terms of how they are used and marketed, but as risk factors for youth smoking, they appear to be nearly the same," he said.

Teens who used more than one tobacco product were even more likely to start smoking conventional cigarettes.

Previous studies have also found evidence that e-cigarettes and other non-cigarette tobacco products are a gateway to conventional cigarette smoking in teens.

In 2016, the FDA banned the sale of e-cigarettes and other such products to anyone younger than 18.

However, Chaffee believes more can be done. "Regulation of these non-cigarette products should reflect the fact that all of them are associated with greater risk of youth smoking," he said. "Measures that reduce the appeal of these products to adolescents, like banning flavors, increasing the minimum purchase age to 21, and taxation, would help keep youth from starting to use tobacco in any form."

For parents, 바카라사이트 - http://www.westranchtowncouncil.com/elections/election-bylaws/ schools, and health care providers, Chaffee said the message to convey to teens is that there is no safe form of the habit. "The healthiest alternative is always to be tobacco free," he said.

Colombian superstar Shakira is learning how to balance her demanding work schedule with being a new mom one day at a time.

"It's part of motherhood you know," she said of juggling personal and 카지노사이트 - http://www.ggv-echt.com/ professional life. "You got to figure it out as you go."

The 36-year-old singer and her soccer star boyfriend, Gerard Pique, welcomed their first child, Milan Pique Mebarak, on Jan. 22.

"He's great. He's so mellow, but he's very alert too," she said in an interview Wednesday night at House of Blues in West Hollywood, Calif. "It's like he knows what's going on around him. He knows when someone comes in the room or comes out. He's something."

Shakira joined fellow "The Voice" coaches Adam Levine, Blake Shelton and Usher at a red carpet event celebrating the NBC signing competition's top 12 finalists.

"The Voice" host Carson Daly said baby Milan - http://www.google.de/search?q=baby%20Milan has been a welcome addition to the kid friendly set, which features regular visits from Daly's young brood, Usher's children and Levine's nephews.

"With Milan it's a full blown nursery!" Daly said of Shakira's baby-proofed double-wide trailer. "It's just like Shakira's door opens and 'It's a Small World' starts playing. It's built for Milan. And it's really special and it's cool. We're like a little family."

But according to Shakira, it's not the children who cause the most trouble.

"It's like a kindergarten because these guys are already babies. They're babies!" she joked of her fellow coaches.

When it comes to getting those famous hips back into pre-baby shape, Shakira said she's still working on it.

"I still have a long way to go. I still have a few pounds over to lose," she said. "I look decent."

During her pregnancy, Shakira wasn't shy when it came time to releasing photos. She bared her baby belly in photos, which can be seen here.

Peter Wyckoff, executive director of the Minnesota - http://www.futureofeducation.com/main/search/search?q=Minnesota Senior Federation's metropolitan region office, said the lawsuit — which the organization hopes will be awarded class-action status — represents a new phase in the group's efforts to make it easier to import drugs at lower Canadian prices.

"We have three branches of government that can change things," he said. "This is the third."

The lawsuit in U.S. District Court in Minneapolis alleges Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Abbott Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Merck, Novartis and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals have acted in concert to block the supply of name-brand drugs to Canadian pharmacists - http://www.buzznet.com/?s=pharmacists that sell to U.S. citizens.

GlaxoSmithKline spokeswoman Nancy Pekarek said the company acted independently of the other companies, in an effort to preserve supplies of its medicines in Canada for that country.

In a statement, Pfizer said its practices comply with U.S. law and federal regulations.

"The simple truth is that the importation of pharmaceutical products into the U.S. from Canada is not only illegal, but also dangerous because it increases the opportunity to introduce counterfeit or unapproved pharmaceutical products into the market," said the statement from spokesman Bryant Haskins.

Representatives for the remaining companies either did not immediately respond to calls for comment or said they could not respond because they had not yet seen the lawsuit.

Merck spokeswoman Anita Larsen declined to comment on the suit, but said Merck "has not announced any plans to restrict or otherwise limit the availability of our medicines in Canada."

It was brought on behalf of the federation, 카지노사이트 - http://35.243.213.38/ which runs a program that helps its members to import from Canadian pharmacies, as well as three individual members who buy brand name drugs in the U.S. and "all others similarly situated."

"I think they're harmed because they have to pay a higher price here," said attorney Marvin Miller of the Chicago-based firm Miller Faucher and Cafferty, which is handling the case.

The lawsuit seeks attorneys' fees, unspecified damages and a stop to the companies' anti-import efforts. It's premised on federal antitrust laws as well as specific state consumer protection laws.

Last month, the federation held a "Pfix Pfizer" campaign that, besides the lawsuit, included congressional action, resolutions at Pfizer's stockholders meeting, and a boycott of Pfizer's over-the-counter products.

A futuristic drama from producer-writer J.J. Abrams of "Lost'' and the "Star Trek'' movie franchise and 카지노사이트 - https://pandoraclouds.com/ a comedy with Andy Samberg of "Saturday Night Live'' fame as a carefree police detective will be on Fox's new schedule, the network said.

Four new dramas and five comedies were announced Wednesday for the 2013-14 season by Fox, which got a jump on network presentations to advertisers set for next week in New York.

The Abrams-produced drama, with the working title "Almost Human,'' was described by Fox as an "action-packed'' police series set 35 years in the future, when officers are teamed with human-like androids. The cast will include Karl Urban, Michael Ealy and Lili Taylor.

Greg Kinnear will take on his first continuing broadcast series role in "Rake,'' a legal drama based on a hit Australian series of the same name, Fox said. The actor, whose movie credits include "Little Miss Sunshine'' and "Baby Mama,'' starred in the cable miniseries "The Kennedys.'' Sam Raimi (''Oz the Great and Powerful'' and the "Spider-Man'' franchise) directed and was an executive producer on the "Rake'' pilot.

"Gang Related,'' about a gang task force in Los Angeles confronting the city's most dangerous criminals, stars Terry O'Quinn (''Lost'') as the task force's leader, and rapper-producer RZA, founder of the Wu-Tang Clan, and Ramon Rodriguez as members. Brian Grazer of "24'' and the film "A Beautiful Mind'' is an executive producer.

"Sleepy Hollow,'' the fourth drama announced by Fox, is described as an action-adventure retelling of Washington Irving's classic 19th-century tale, "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.'' Timid schoolmaster Ichabod Crane (Tom Mison) is resurrected 250 years in the future and discovers he must save the world from destruction, with a police officer (Nicole Beharie) as his partner.

The Samberg comedy, "Brooklyn Nine-Nine,'' which also stars Andre Braugher ("Homicide: Life on the Street,'' "Men of a Certain Age'') is about a freewheeling detective who gets a by-the-book boss who's intent on making him into an adult, Fox said.

Other new sitcoms set for Fox's coming season:

"Dads,'' from Seth McFarlane ( ''Family - http://en.search.wordpress.com/?q=%27%27Family Guy,'' the movie "Ted'' and a recent stint as Oscar host), stars Seth Green and Giovanni Ribisi as best friends whose lives are disrupted by their new roommates, their dads (Martin Mull, Peter Riegert).

"Enlisted,'' described by Fox as an "irreverent and heartfelt'' comedy set on a Florida Army base, is about three brothers getting to know each other and the misfits around them on the base.

"Us & Them,'' based on the British hit "Gavin and Stacey,'' stars Jason Ritter (''Parenthood'') and Alexis Bledel (''The Gilmore Girls'') as a young couple who find their relationship complicated by family and friends.

"Surviving Jack,'' based on Justin Halpern's semi-autobiographical book, is set in 1990s Southern California and stars Christopher Meloni (''Law & Order: Special Victims Unit'') in a coming-of-age story involving a man and his son.